Meningitis is a rare infection that generally affects the membranes that cover and protect the spinal cord and brain. The infection causes fluid to surround the brain and spinal cord and causes swelling. Meningitis may also occur when the fluid that surrounds the membranes gets infected. Most health specialists usually distinguish meningitis into five different types, each characterized by its various causes and symptoms.

Types of meningitis

1. Bacterial meningitis
Just as the name suggests, bacterial meningitis is caused by several types of bacteria such as meningococcal, group B Streptococcal, pneumococcal, and E. coli. This infection occurs when one of these types of bacteria enters your brain through the bloodstream. The symptoms of this disease generally include severe headache, stiff neck, and high fever.

Bacterial meningitis is considered to be one of the most dangerous types of meningitis, as it can lead to various life-threatening complications, such as brain damage and hearing loss. As a result, if the infection is left untreated, it can lead to death.

2. Parasitic meningitis
Parasitic meningitis is commonly caused by a type of parasite called naegleria fowleri. According to doctors, parasitic meningitis can prove to be quite fatal, as it progresses quite rapidly. However, if diagnosed at an early stage, the complications can be easily prevented.

3. Viral meningitis
Considered as the most common type of meningitis, viral meningitis is generally caused by enteroviruses. However, some health specialists also think that some other common viruses, such as chickenpox and measles, can also lead to this condition. Even though this condition can affect anyone, babies and adolescents are more prone to this. Unlike bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis is quite mild. However, if the infection spreads and the central nervous system gets infected, the consequences could be fatal.

Enteroviruses that are responsible for this disease usually spread through secretions from the mouth, nose, and eyes. To prevent this infection, you should wash your hands and face thoroughly. Additionally, getting vaccinated against some other risk factors such as mumps or rubella or avoiding direct contact with people suffering from this condition can also reduce the chances of being infected.

4. Fungal meningitis
Fungal meningitis usually occurs when a fungus such as a cryptococcus neoformans enters a person’s bloodstream. This disease is not contagious and is more common among people with weak immune systems. Doctors generally treat fungal meningitis with high doses of antifungal medicines.

5. Non-infectious meningitis
Non-infectious meningitis is generally caused due to underlying conditions such as a tumor or head injury. This condition has some common symptoms, such as headache or stiff neck.

Some types of meningitis are quite dangerous and can lead to some long-lasting complications. Thus, if you experience any of the symptoms of this disease, visit a doctor as soon as possible. This can help you treat it as soon as it’s detected.